Colombia’s economy remains resilient despite falling commodity prices and rising social tensions

ColombiaMultinationals have for years considered Colombia one of the safest long-term bets in Latin America, but over the last several months a more negative picture of the country has emerged. Colombia, much like other emerging market countries, has faced weakening external demand and currency volatility in recent quarters. The country has also faced prolonged protests from farmers and laborers against recent currency volatility and lower trade barriers impacting them. Despite all this, Colombia’s economic performance has remained remarkably robust.

FSG expects that Colombia will see 3.8% YOY growth in 2013, with the economy accelerating to 4.6% YOY in 2014, driven by stronger consumer spending and increased government spending, particularly in the first half of the year. Companies have experienced strong revenue growth in the first half of 2013, though local operations mention that increasing energy costs and operational disruptions due to recent protests are hurting both profit margins and productivity. While expectations for the economy and the country’s long-term potential remain strong among multinationals, companies continue interpreting news coming out of Colombia with a heightened sense of uncertainty.

It is against this economic backdrop that FSG believes multinationals should be tracking the following three trends during the last quarter of 2013 as an indication of how the business environment is likely to evolve over the medium term:

  • Increased demand for public services is leading to calls for tax hikes
    • Recent developments: The Santos government is responding to recent protests and recurrent troubles in the healthcare sector by promising increased spending, leading multinationals to expect higher taxes in the near future.
  • Social protests are disrupting operations and hurting confidence
    • Recent developments: Continued protests from unions and social groups across the country in recent months have created significant disruptions for the operations of multinationals in Colombia, leading to a dampening of short-term growth prospects and lower consumer sentiment.
  • The construction sector continues to be a strong driver of growth
    • Recent developments: The Colombian economy’s strong performance amid weakening external demand has been largely driven by resilient construction spending, particularly commercial and residential construction

Colombia’s strong fundamentals still point to resilient economic performance in 2014. While the external environment has remained difficult for exporters, Colombia continues to be among the strongest performers in the region. The potential for progress on peace talks with the FARC and the ELN, as well as higher government spending ahead of elections, should drive improved economic growth in 2014.

Tomorrow’s Latin America Won’t be Won with Yesterday’s Playbook

Frontier Strategy Group is witnessing a dizzying array of changes to the business landscape in Latin America. Some are highly visible shifts in the external political and economic conditions in key markets such as Brazil, Mexico, and Venezuela, to name a few, while others involve subtle evolutions in internal corporate mandates for Latin American business units of multinational corporations. For this reason, FSG recently released a new Regional Overview of the factors influencing the results of our clients as well as emerging trends likely to impact performance and shape strategy for the coming years. The research is drawn from extensive interviews with senior executives at leading multinationals, independent experts, and analysis of surveys of FSG’s client base. Below are featured trends from the report, accessible to FSG clients:

Economic Performance is Strong, but Risk - and Skepticism - is Growing
Compared to global averages, and even in comparison to other emerging market regions, Latin American growth remains, in the aggregate, relatively robust. Yet many industries in Latin America in 2012 either just met or underperformed expectations, and now with a persistent slowdown and protests in Brazil and crisis always on the horizon in Venezuela and Argentina, skeptics are growing louder, forcing executives to justify further investments in the region. Furthermore, FSG’s data indicates that slow growth in Argentina, a weak Q1 in Mexico, and the devaluation in Venezuela threaten goal attainment of sales targets in 2013 as well.

2013 Performance Targets in Key LATAM Markets

2012 Sales Performance by Sector in LATAM

Latin America Splitting into Two Distinct Groups: Pacific and Atlantic
The dynamic Pacific economies are integrating rapidly, as evidenced by the creation of the Pacific Alliance trade group, creating new trade dynamics and opportunities for increasing scale and reorienting supply chains. In contrast, the Atlantic economies are increasingly insular and crisis prone, a trend typified by the increasingly dysfunctional Mercosur customs union. These distinctions are growing and becoming more tangible as companies position to mitigate risk from reliance on Mercosur and maneuver to gain from new opportunities presented by the Pacific Alliance.

The “Grow-fast, Worry about Profitability Later” Days are Coming to an End
Many executives perceive a strong shift in corporate mandates for Latin American business units towards bottom line results, rather than purely on top line growth. This shift is changing the way executives prioritize markets, evaluate organizational structures, measure and orient workforces, and make the case for resources.

New Blueprints for Success
As both internal corporate and external dynamics have changed, senior executives are drawing up new blue-prints for success by examining existing assumptions around optimal organizational footprints and structures and by prioritizing markets and communicate opportunity based new criteria such as relative profitability and operating margins.

3 Year Growth Outlook v Relative Profitability

Conclusion
FSG’s LATAM Regional Overview expands on these trends and shares analysis of client survey responses on how they are responding to these shifts. FSG believes that despite increasing volatility and growing macroeconomic and political risks, Latin America continues to offer excellent opportunities and high returns relative to other regions. That said, today’s business environment already is significantly different from that of just a year or two ago, and regionally-focused executives are wise to recognize that their strategies must evolve in tandem.